Air-Gapped Device vs Hardware Wallet

An air-gapped device is a computer or hardware wallet physically isolated from all network connections including internet, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and cellular, creating an impenetrable security barrier against remote attacks by eliminating all potential network-based attack vectors.

A hardware wallet is a physical electronic device specifically designed to securely store cryptocurrency private keys offline in a secure chip, signing transactions internally without exposing keys to internet-connected computers.