Blockchain Trilemma vs Layer 2 Scaling Solution (L2)

The Blockchain Trilemma describes the fundamental challenge that blockchain networks can only optimize two of three critical properties simultaneously: decentralization, security, and scalability. This technical constraint forces every blockchain project to make strategic trade-offs that define its capabilities and limitations.

A Layer 2 scaling solution is a secondary network built on top of a Layer 1 blockchain that processes transactions faster and cheaper while inheriting the base layer's security.