Fixed Supply vs Halving

Fixed supply means a cryptocurrency has a predetermined maximum number of coins that will ever exist, programmed into its protocol and unchangeable, creating digital scarcity similar to precious metals like gold but with mathematical certainty.

Halving is a programmed event in Bitcoin's protocol that occurs approximately every four years, cutting the mining reward for new blocks in half, systematically reducing the rate at which new bitcoins enter circulation until the maximum 21 million supply is reached.